Бензинді каталитикалық риформингтің математикалық модельдеу саласындағы жетістіктері мен болашағы
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https://doi.org/10.32523/2616-6771-2025-151-2-56-86Кілт сөздер:
каталитикалық риформинг, математикалық модель, екіфункциялы катализатор, реактор, дезактивация, кокс түзілуі, органохлорлы қосылыстар, оңтайландыру, шикізат ағындарыАңдатпа
Бензинді каталитикалық риформинг – мотор отындарының октан санын арттыруға бағытталған маңызды өнеркәсіптік процесс. Бұл өнімдерге деген сұраныс алдағы уақытта да жоғары болып қала бермек. Осы процесті жетілдіруге, реакторлардың конфигурациясын жақсартуға және катализатор құрамын оңтайландыруға арналған зерттеулер кеңінен жүргізілуде. Каталитикалық риформинг күрделі процесс болып табылады: онда көпкомпонентті шикізат пен өнім қоспасы, екіфункциялы катализатор жүйесі, көптеген параллель және тізбекті реакциялар мен катализатордың дезактивациясы қатар жүреді. Сондықтан бұл процесті зерттеу мен оңтайландырудың негізгі құралы ретінде математикалық модельдеу кеңінен қолданылады. Бұл мақалада каталитикалық риформингтің кинетикалық модельдерін дамыту тарихына қысқаша шолу жасалып, 1959 жылдан бастап жүргізілген жұмыстар қарастырылады. Ерекше назар Томск политехникалық ұлттық зерттеу университетінде жүргізілген зерттеулерге аударылған. Бұл жерде мұнай-химия және қайта өңдеу процестерін модельдеуге арналған ғылыми мектеп қалыптасқан. Бензинді каталитикалық риформинг мысалында бейстационарлық модельдерді құрудың әдістемелік тәсілі көрсетіліп, олардың әзірленуінің негізгі қағидалары сипатталады. Модельдеу нәтижелері реактор құрылымын оңтайландыру, катализатордың қышқылдық және металлдық функцияларының тепе-теңдігін сақтау және катализатор бетінде кокс түзілуін азайту мүмкіндіктерін көрсетеді. Сондай-ақ қосымша шикізат ағындарын ескере отырып, бекітілген катализаторлы риформинг процесінің математикалық моделін жетілдіру нәтижелері берілген.
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Авторлық құқық (c) 2025 E. Ivashkina, E. Chernyakova, I. Pchelintseva (Author)
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