Geographical bases of the formation of toponyms of Saryarka

Abstract

The article discusses physical and geographical conditions (relief, climate, hydrography, soils), flora and fauna of Saryarka, and geographical basis of the features of their display in local toponyms. Saryarka is one of the largest physical-geographical and natural-historical regions in Kazakhstan. Saryarka borders on Western Siberia in the north, reaches Lake Balkhash in the south, the Kalbinsky Ridge and Tarbagatai in the east, and the Torgai Plateau in the west.

The territory of Saryarka is characterized by the complexity of the relief in Central Kazakhstan. The features of the relief are influenced by its geological structure and relief-forming factors.  Due to the geographical location of the territory, there is a sharply continental climate, a shortage of water resources and their uneven distribution, arid landscapes.  These natural features are reflected in the toponyms of the territory. During the work on the classification of geographical names and the grouping of types of toponyms, the dominant names associated with the physical and geographical conditions of the region were determined