Determination of inorganic components in plant extracts by ionometry
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https://doi.org/10.32523/3107-278X-2026-156-3-38-50Keywords:
рotassium ions, sodium ions, plant extract, extractant, рotentiometric method, ionselective electrodeAbstract
In this research, the concentration of potassium and sodium ions in plant extracts from Kazakhstan was determined using an ionometric method with an ion-selective electrode. Several plant species native to Kazakhstan were selected for study: Lythrum salicaria, Phragmites communis, Nonea pulla, Petunia hybrida, Verbascum thapsus, Parmelia sulcata and Achillea nobilis.
Potassium is an essential macronutrient that regulates nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction, heart rate, and acid-base and water-salt balance. Potassium plays a crucial role in photosynthesis and in enhancing enzymatic activity in plants.
Sodium is one of the most important macronutrients in the human body, playing a crucial role in regulating water-salt metabolism, acid-base balance, and osmotic pressure. Sodium deficiency can lead to dehydration, weakness, sagging skin, and cardiovascular disease.
To calibrate ion-selective electrodes, standard solutions were prepared using national standard samples of ions (K+, Na+). Aqueous extracts were prepared from plant samples, and the concentrations of potassium and sodium ions were determined. Experiments were performed in triplicate, and the mean, standard deviation (σ), standard error (SE), and absolute error (Δ) were calculated. Average mass fraction of potassium in dry raw materials: Lythrum salicaria - 0.5511±0.0430%, Phragmites communis - 0.4669±0.0784%, Nonea pulla - 2.7933±0.2437%, Petunia hybrida - 1.8360±0.1632%, Verbascum thapsus - 0.8010±0.0000%, Parmelia sulcata - 0.0608±0.0100%, Achillea nobilis - 6.1967±0.0573%.
The average mass fraction of sodium ions in the dry raw materials was as follows: Lythrum salicaria - 0.1853±0.0423%, Phragmites communis - 0.0450±0.0086%, Nonea pulla - 0.3100±0.0000%, Petunia hybrida - 0.0220±0.0043%, Verbascum thapsus - 0.6377±0.1391%, Parmelia sulcata - 0.0080±0.0000%, Achillea nobilis - 0.7400±0.0000%.
The study results showed that the potassium and sodium contents in the presented plants vary significantly. Using the ionometric method using an ion-selective electrode, it is possible to determine the concentration of potassium and sodium ions in plant extracts.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Галия Байсалова, Абзал Талтенов, Кульди Тосмаганбетова, Бекзада Ертай, Айман Бердгалеева (Автор)
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