Erosion Processes in the Republic of Kazakhstan

Abstract

Soil erosion represents a serious threat to soil activity, causing a decrease in land productivity and multifaceted consequences outside the site. In the case of water, wind erosion, soil cultivation and harvesting, the level of danger to the soil and the consequences for regions where the simultaneous occurrence of these physically different processes are observed increase many times. The purpose of the article is to describe the spread of erosion processes in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the suppression of water and wind erosion of soils by regions, compilation and analysis of thematic maps using electronic cartography. According to the research results, the largest volume of soil loss from agricultural lands falls on the Turkestan region (933.7 thousand hectares or a share of the total area of agricultural land ‒ 18.9%), in addition, the Akmola region leads in terms of the area of loss soils on arable land (351.3 thousand hectares or a share of the total area of arable land ‒ 28.8%). In terms of the area of land subject to wind erosion in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Atyrau region dominates (3,133.9 thousand hectares or 13% of the total area of agricultural land), in terms of the area of deflated lands on arable land, the Pavlodar region (334.3 thousand hectares or 74% of the total area of arable land). Considering the total area of arable land – 451.8 thousand hectares. exposed to wind erosion in the republic, the number recorded in the Pavlodar region requires close attention of soil scientists and the adoption of anti-erosion measures and methods