Economic and geographical features of the agro-industrial complex in the formation of the food belt of Astana city

food belt

Abstract

Annotation: the capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan - Astana-has been characterized in recent years as one of the largest dynamically developing cities in the Eurasian space. The intensification of the process of urbanization, population growth and expansion of the consumer market increase the relevance of the issue of ensuring food security in the capital and adjacent territories. Improving the system of food supply to the population of large cities and agglomerations requires the formation of specialized agricultural zones around the city, the search for directions for increasing production volumes and intensifying agriculture. In this regard, in order to continuously provide the capital with domestic food products, a set of measures is being implemented aimed at developing the production potential, especially the raw material base, of enterprises and farms in Akmola and Karaganda regions located in the city itself and within a radius of 300 km from it. At the same time, it is strategically important to strengthen the infrastructure for the construction, storage and logistics of enterprises for processing agricultural products in rural areas, as well as the formation of a food belt in the vicinity of Astana, focused on the production of high-quality products.

            The article examines the socio-economic prerequisites for the development of the suburbs of Astana, systematizes the main factors affecting the formation and development of the food belt. The purpose of the study is to identify the socio - economic prerequisites for the development of the food Belt region of Astana, which is distinguished by the conditions of the suburbs of Astana, the optimal combination of natural, agricultural and socio-economic resources, and to assess its potential. In the course of the study, comparative and geographical analysis, systematization of statistical data and cartographic approaches were used, and the features of the territorial location of enterprises were evaluated. The transport and geographical position determines the position of the region in relation to transport networks, transport hubs and flows. It is one of the main types of economic and geographical position, distributed according to its location in relation to the elements of production. The effectiveness of the economic and geographical position of the studied territory, its status as a suburb of the capital, its location at the intersection of important railways and highways provide the region with a high transport potential. The region has the highest density of railway routes in the Republic. At the same time, the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and barriers of development conditions were differentiated, and a socio-economic SWOT - analysis of the territory was carried out. As a result of the study, Borovoe, Korgalzhyn, Arshaly and Akkol districts of Akmola region were identified as territories with absolute priorities for further development. The results will serve as the basis for the development of proposals aimed at increasing the food supply of the capital, the development of agro-production and Processing Industries, and the improvement of the regional agrological system.