Application of the Coexistence Approach Method for Early Oligocene Climate Reconstruction Based on Paleofloristic Data from the Kiin-Kerish Outcrop

Abstract

This study focuses on the paleoclimate reconstruction of the early Oligocene based on the flora of the "Korablik" outcrop in the Kiin-Kerish area of Eastern Kazakhstan. The aim of the research is to determine the climatic conditions of that period using the Coexistence Approach (CA) method and to assess the impact of regional ecological changes on vegetation cover. The results showed that a warm and humid climate prevailed in this area during the early Oligocene, reflected in the diversity of floral taxa. The scientific significance of this work lies in enriching data on the region's climatic history, while its practical significance is in enabling the application of this reconstruction method for studying other outcrops in Kazakhstan.