Multifunctional polyethyleneimine: physicochemical properties and modern applications
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https://doi.org/10.32523/2616-6771-2025-153-4-55-72Keywords:
branched polyethylenimine (b-PEI), linear polyethylenimine (l-PEI), poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline), acid hydrolysis, anionic polymerization, cationic polymerizationAbstract
Polyethyleneimine (PEI) is a promising polymer with unique physicochemical properties, enabling its application in various fields of science and technology. This study examines the main synthesis methods of PEI, including anionic polymerization of aziridine, cationic polymerization of 2-oxazolines, and acid hydrolysis of poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline). The key physicochemical properties of the polymer, such as solubility, thermal stability, and complexation ability, are described. Special attention is given to the potential applications of PEI in gene therapy, water purification, and antimicrobial coatings. Furthermore, novel approaches to enhancing its biocompatibility are discussed, making this polymer a highly promising material for innovative developments.
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