Dynamics and current trends in the gender and age structure of the population of the city of Baku
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https://doi.org/10.32523/2616-6771-2025-151-2-197-210Keywords:
gender structure, age structure, median age, age dependence coefficient, demographic processes, demographic transitionAbstract
Among demographic indicators, the age-gender structure of the population occupies an important place. The high level of socio-economic development in Baku, the capital of the Azerbaijan Republic, and its role as the main center of urbanization in the country directly impact demographic processes, including the age-gender composition of the population. The main objective of this practically significant scientific study is to examine the changes in the age-gender structure of Baku’s population during the period from 1999 to 2023, as well as the factors influencing its formation. The gender structure of the population has been analyzed based on statistical data for both the city of Baku and its administrative districts. In addition, the median age of the population of the Azerbaijan Republic and that of Baku have been calculated and compared. Age dependency ratios have been calculated for the population of Baku. As a result of the analysis, it was found that over many years, the disrupted gender structure of the city’s population has gradually balanced out. In the age structure of the population, due to the gradual decline in natural increase and the increase in average life expectancy, the proportion of the population over 65 years old is gradually increasing – a process of population aging is taking place. The median age of the city’s population is rising, and it is higher than the national figure. Concerning the age demographic burden in the city (over the study period), the demographic burden among the youth is decreasing, while that among the elderly is increasing.
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