Obtaining metal-organic frameworks from plant waste and application

Abstract

Metal organic frameworks are a new class of polymer materials with metal ions whose focal points
are mononuclei or polykernels of building elements bound by organic fragments. Their hybrid design has a low
density, high porosity, high degree of crystallization and a large surface area. Metal-organic frame structures can
form a one-, two -, or three-dimensional structure in space. The choice of metal, organic ligand, and synthesis
method determines the size and geometry of the pores.
Obtaining a metal-organic framework is associated with its high porosity. It is mainly used for energy needs
during storage (sorption processes) of methane and hydrogen gases.
In addition, porosity is characterized by a very high surface area in relation to the total surface of the body
and its mass. The surface area of some metal-organic frameworks reaches 6000 m2 / g this, in turn, is much
higher than zeolite (400-600 m2/ g), activated carbon (500-1500 m2/g) and mesocean silicates (1100 m2/g). In
metal-organic frameworks, the pores can be in different directions. The pore shape is square, rectangular, and
oval. Pore geometry control is important for selective absorption of gases and liquids. Often, by choosing metalorganic frameworks, it is possible to selectively sorb a molecule of a certain structure.